Antidiarrheal Activity Test of a Combination of Guava Leaf Extract (Psidium guajava  L.) and Kencur Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga) on Male Mice (Mus musculus)

Salmah Handayani Lubis; Muharni Saputri; Ika Julianti Tambunan; Adilla Apriliani; Della Aisyah Syah Fitri

doi:10.35451/m2vf9674

Authors

Salmah Handayani Lubis Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
Muharni Saputri Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
Ika Julianti Tambunan Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
Adilla Apriliani Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
Della Aisyah Syah Fitri Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35451/m2vf9674

Keywords:

Diarrhea, guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.), galanga (Kaempferia galanga), castor oil, combination

Abstract

Background Diarrhea is the leading cause of high morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries such as Indonesia. Diarrhea can be caused by bacterial infections. Guava leaves and kencur have astringent properties that can help reduce the frequency of bowel movements and stop diarrhea. Aim: The study aims to determine the most effective dose concentration of a combination of guava leaf ethanol extract (PGEE) and kencur rhizome ethanol extract (KGEE) as an antidiarrheal medicine. Methods: The study used an experimental method with stages of simplisia preparation, extract preparation by maceration, simplisia characteristics, phytochemical screening, and antidiarrheal efficacy testing using 25 male mice divided into 5 groups, namely F1 = negative control (NaCMC); F2 = positive control (Loperamide); F3, F4, and F5 were combinations (PGEE:KGEE) with 3 different dose concentrations, namely (25%:75%); (50%:50%), and (75%:25%), where the base doses used were (PGEE=400mg/kg/BW) and (KGEE=27.5mg/kgBW). Results: The parameters observed included the onset time of diarrhea, duration, frequency of bowel movements, and stool consistency. Statistical data analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test with the help of SPSS software. Statistical analysis with Tukey's post hoc test showed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in fecal weight between the treatment group and the negative control group. Conclusion: The dose concentration (50%:50%) showed the most significant effect in reducing fecal weight comparable to loperamide, so that the combination of PGEE and KGEE at that dose concentration proved to be the most effective in reducing fecal weight and overcoming diarrhea, both visually (graph) and based on statistical analysis results.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] Simanjuntak, H. A. (2021). Studi Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Antidiare oleh Masyarakat di Etnis Sumatera Utara. Herbal Medicine Journal, 4(2), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.58996/hmj.v4i2.32

[2] Trinanda Utama, A., Sulistiyawati, I., & Fala, M. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galaga L) pada Bakteri Escherichia coli. Scientific Timeline, 3(1), 33–43.

[3] Lina Noviyanti Sutardi, Andi Mustika, A., Andriyanto, & Pratama Mukti, R. (2022). Kombinasi Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica val.) dan Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) sebagai Antidiare. Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana, 10(1), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.29244/avi.10.1.80-86

[4] Imanda, F. R., Suci, P. R., Ikhda, C., & Hamidah, N. (2021). Formulasi dan Stabilitas Mutu Fisik Ekstrak Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) Sebagai Sabun Padat. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek (SNPBS), 518–523.

[5] Yana, N. D., Marpaung, M. P., & Gummay, B. (2022). Analisis Parameter Spesifik dan Nonspesifik Simplisia Daun Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.). KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia, 8(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2022.v8.i1.15741

[6] Sitopu, J. W., Purba, I. R., & Sipayung, T. (2021). Pelatihan Pengolahan Data Statistik Dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi SPSS. Dedikasi Sains dan Teknologi, 1(2), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.47709/dst.v1i2.1068.

[7] Simalungun, K., & Utara, S. (2020). Saurauia vulcani. 4(1), 1–5.

[8] Soniman, M. (2022). Efektivitas Senyawa Aktif Kombinasi Kencur Kaempferia galanga Dan Ilalang Imperata Cylindrica Secara in Vitro Terhadap Bakteri Gram Positif Dan Bakteri Gram Negatif. Journal of Aquatropica Asia, 7(1), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.33019/joaa.v7i1.3292.

[9] Widiyati, E., Ratnawati, D., Fitriani, D., & Sari, F. (2023). Penentuan Adanya Flavonoid, Uji Efektivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak danKrim Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Biji (Psidiumguajava, Linn) dan Benzofenon-3. Rafflesia Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 3(1), 194–205.

[10] Yonathan, N., Wilapangga, A., & Royani, S. (n.d.). Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jambu Kristal ( Psidium guajava cv . Kristal L .). 1(2), 106–121.

[11] Indraswara, H., Aisyah, N. N., Rini, & Umami, M. (2024). Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L Var. Pyrifera) di Kabupaten Bandung. Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengelatuan Alam, 2(3), 73–81. https://journal.widyakarya.ac.id/index.php/konstanta-widyakarya

[12] Nurjannah, I., Ayu, B., Mustariani, A., & Suryani, N. (2022). SPIN JURNAL KIMIA & PENDIDIKAN KIMIA SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KOMBINASI DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix) DAN KELOR (Moringa oleifera L.) SEBAGAI ZAT AKTIF PADA SABUN ANTIBAKTERI. Spin, 4(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v4i1.4801

[13] Gultom, E. D., Rambe, R., Paramitha, R., & Ginting, O. S. B. (2021). UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physallis minima L.) TERHADAP MENICT JANTAN (Mus musculus). Forte Journal, 1(1), 26–44. https://doi.org/10.51771/fj.v1i1.37

[14] Rambe, R., Gultom, E. D., Ginting, O. S. B., & Diana, S. (2021). UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MENGKUDU ( Morinda citrifolia L .) TERHADAP MENCIT JANTAN DENGAN METODE TRANSIT INTESTINAL Abstrak Pendahuluan Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan kekayaan hayati terbesar di dunia Metode Penelitian P. Forte Journal, 1(1), 1–11.

[15] Lina, R. N., & Rahmawaty, A. (2021). Uji Efek Antidiare Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) pada Mencit Jantan. Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy, 5(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.31596/cjp.v5i1.130

[16] Primadiamanti, A., Saputri, G. A. R., & Marina, C. (2024). UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN DAN BATANG PEPAYA ( Carica papaya L ) TERHADAP TIKUS JANTAN PUTIH ( Rattus norvegicus ). Jurnal Medika Malahayati, 8(1), 256–267. https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v8i1.12070

[17] imbolon, R. A., Halimatussakdiah, H., & Amna, U. (2021). Uji Kandungan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L var. Pomifera) dari Kota Langsa, Aceh. QUIMICA: Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan, 3(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.33059/jq.v3i1.3493

[18] Widiyati, E., Ratnawati, D., Fitriani, D., & Sari, F. (2023). Penentuan Adanya Flavonoid, Uji Efektivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak danKrim Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Biji (Psidiumguajava, Linn) dan Benzofenon-3. Rafflesia Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 3(1), 194–205.

[19] Sari, F., Kurniaty, I., Studi, P., Kimia, T., Teknik, F., & Jakarta, U. M. (2021). Psidium guajava L). 10(01), 120–127.

[20] Salsabilla, W., Saula, L. S., & Sholih, M. G. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antidiare Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Lemon (Citrus Limon (L.) Burm. F.) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L) Pada Mencit Jantan Galur Swiss Webster. Jurnal Bidang Ilmu Kesehatan, 13(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.52643/jbik.v13i1.2449.

[21] Lina, R. N., & Astutik, M. D. (2020). EFEK ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI RUMPUT TEKI (Cyperus rotundus L.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik, 17(01), 8. https://doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v17i01.3480

[22] Jariah, A., Syafruddin, & Widyastuti, S. (2022). Uji Efek Antidiare Ekstrak Daun Syaraf (Hemigraphis Alternata) Terhadap Mencit Jantan Yang Diinduksi Oleum Ricini. Journal Pharmacy and Sciences, 14(1), 66–71. http://journal.unpacti.ac.id/index.php/fito

[23] Sihombing YR, Marbun RA, Siska F. Effect of guazuma ulmifolia lamk. extract on interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 levels as immunomodulatory agent candidates. Science Midwifery. 2024 Oct 7;12(4):1493-9.

[24] Situmorang NB, Dakhi JV, Marbun RA. Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) Terhadap Tikus Jantan. Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Terapan (Journal of Pharmacy Science and Practice). 2022 Mar 30;9(1):12-6.