Analysis of Drug Inventory Control in Indonesian Hospitals Using the ABC Critical Index Method: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.3687Keywords:
Control, Drugs, Hospitals, ABC Critical Index MethodAbstract
Background: Drug inventory management in hospitals is very important to ensure the availability of safe and effective drugs, especially within the framework of the National Health Insurance (JKN). The ABC critical index method has been recognized as an efficient strategy for improving drug inventory control. Objective: This study aims to investigate the application of the ABC Critical Index method in drug inventory management in hospitals, as well as to improve the overall quality of health services. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and involved a literature search in four databases, namely Garuda, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar, using relevant keywords. Of the 169 articles found, eight articles were selected to meet the criteria for further analysis. Results: This review shows that drug inventory control can be improved through the application of the Critical Index ABC analysis method, which groups drugs into categories A, B, and C based on their usage value and contribution to the budget. Category A drugs, despite their small number of items, absorb the largest portion of the budget and therefore require close monitoring. In addition, the study also emphasized the importance of integrated information systems and electronic prescription systems to improve the accuracy of stock monitoring and reduce the risk of stock outs. Several studies also highlighted the benefits of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Reorder Point (ROP) methods in determining the optimal order quantity and reorder time, which overall contribute to the efficiency of hospital pharmacy logistics. Conclusion: The implementation of the ABC Critical Index method in controlling drug inventory in hospitals can improve operational efficiency and ensure the availability of quality drugs. Cooperation between pharmacists and hospital management is very important to ensure the effectiveness of the control system, which in turn can improve the overall quality of health services.
Downloads
References
Wylegała K, Religioni U, Czech M. The Impact of Hospital Pharmacy Operation on the Quality of Patient Care. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2023;20(5).
2. Ryan R, Santesso N, Lowe D, Hill S, Grimshaw J, Prictor M, et al. Interventions to improve safe and effective medicines use by consumers: an overview of systematic reviews. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2014;2014(4):Cd007768.
3. Siregar CJPA, L. Farmasi Rumah Sakit: Teori dan Penerapan. Jakarta: EGC; 2004.
4. Jones CH, Dolsten M. Healthcare on the brink: navigating the challenges of an aging society in the United States. npj aging. 2024;10(1):22.
5. Faizar AH, Dachi RA, Bancin DR, Nababan D, Sirait A. Analysis of Pharmaceutical Logistics Control Management. Qualitative Study at the Pharmaceutical Installation of Hajj General Hospital Medan in 2021. Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains. 2023;13(02):691-702.
6. Ramadhani S, Asthariq M, Girsang E. Analysis of the Implementation of Drug Inventory Control with the Always Better Control-Economic Order Quantity-Reorder Point-Safety Stock Method. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022;10:1397-401.
7. Quick JD, Hogerzeil HV, Rankin JR, Dukes MNG, Laing R, Garnett A, et al. Managing drug supply : the selection, procurement, distribution, and use of pharmaceuticals / Management Sciences for Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization; editors : Jonathan D. Quick ... [et al.]. 2nd ed., rev. and expanded ed: West Hartford, Connecticut : Kumarian Press; 1997.
8. Kar SS, Pradhan HS, Mohanta GP. Concept of essential medicines and rational use in public health. Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine. 2010;35(1):10-3.
9. Basile K, Martínez M, Lucaci JD, Goldblatt C, Beer I. Enhancing Operational Efficiency and Service Delivery through a Robotic Dispensing System: A Case Study from a Retail Pharmacy in Brazil. 2024;12(5):130.
10. Balkhi B, Alshahrani A, Khan A. Just-in-time approach in healthcare inventory management: Does it really work? Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society. 2022;30(12):1830-5.
11. Permata D. Strategi Pengendalian Persediaan Obat Pada Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Islam Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi. Jurnal Ekonomi STIE Agus Salim Bukittinggi 2016;19(1).
12. Olawade DB, Popoola TT, Egbon E, David-Olawade AC. Sustainable healthcare practices: Pathways to a carbon-neutral future for the medical industry. Sustainable Futures. 2025;9:100783.
13. Jorge VM, Esteban ZM, Bruno SA, Yeralin HF, Pablo DJ. Implementation of supply management strategies by the pharmacy service in a general hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy. 2022;7:100161.
14. Ali Kusnadi S. Manajemen Obat di Rumah Sakit2015.
15. Yuniasih S, Insan K, Kautsar A. Managing Drug Inventory by ABC Critical Index Method in Primary Healthcare Center in Bandung, Indonesia. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017;10:1994-7.
16. Durmuş A, Öner Ö, Gökmen AN. Analysis of Medication Inventory System for Intensive Care Unit: A Hospital Example. Turkish Journal of Intensive Care. 2025;23(1):70-7.
17. Deressa MB, Beressa TB, Jemal A. Analysis of Pharmaceuticals Inventory Management Using ABC-VEN Matrix Analysis in Selected Health Facilities of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Integrated pharmacy research & practice. 2022;11:47-59.
18. Susanto NMP, Y. V. Penerapan Metode ABC Indeks Kritis dalam Pengelolaan Persediaan Obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit. Jurnal ARSI (Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia). 2019;2(2).
19. Anggriani Y, Ramadaniati HU, Sarnianto P, Pontoan J, Suryawati S. The Impact of Pharmaceutical Policies on Medicine Procurement Pricing in Indonesia Under the Implementation of Indonesia’s Social Health Insurance System. Value in Health Regional Issues. 2020;21:1-8.
20. Francis J, Abraham S. Clinical pharmacists: Bridging the gap between patients and physicians. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society. 2014;22(6):600-2.
21. Latifah E, Kristina S, Suryawati S, Ali Kusnadi S. Availability of Key Drugs at Referral Hospitals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International Medical Journal (1994). 2020;25:2501-11.
22. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Bmj. 2021;372:n71.
23. Moola S, Mumn Z, Tufanaru C, Aromataris E, Sears K, Sfectu R, et al. Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z (Editors). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. 2020.
24. Octaviany M. Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Obat Antibiotik di RS MEILIA pada Tahun 2014 dengan Menggunakan Metode Analisis ABC Indeks Kritis. Jurnal ARSI (Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia). 2018.
25. Khuriyati IL. Pengendalian Persediaan Obat Kemoterapi Melalui Pendekatan Analisis ABC Indeks Kritis di Ruang Pencampuran Instalasi Farmasi RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Tahun 2015. . Jurnal ARSI (Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia). 2016;3(1).
26. Setiawati E, Purba AV, Hidayat WU. Analysis of Drug Planning and Control at the Pluit Hospital in 2015. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA; Vol 18 No 1 (2020): JIFIDO - 1035814/jifiv18i1782. 2020.
27. Wahyuni AT, Budi IS, Destriatania S. Pengendalian Persediaan Obat Umum dengan Analisis ABC Indeks Kritis di IFRSI Siti Khadijah Palembang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2014;5(2).
28. Muliana H, Sutanto R, Wahab S. Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Farmasi di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia (MARSI) 2022;6(2).
29. Aditama, T. J. (2010). Manajemen Administrasi Rumah Sakit. Edisi Kedua, Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UI Press), Jakarta.
30. Atmaja, H. K. (2012). Penggunaan Analisis ABC Indeks Kritis untuk Pengendalian Persediaan Antibiotika di MH Thamrin Salemba. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Santhy Charyani Putri, Satibi, Chairun Wiedyaningsih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright in each article is the property of the Author.
