Patterns And Appropriateness Of Dyslipidemia Treatment Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus At A Naval Hospital In Jakarta, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.3881Keywords:
Dyslipidemia, Lipid-lowering therapy, Statin, Treatment appropriateness, Type 2 diabetes mellitusAbstract
Dyslipideimia is a coimmoin meitaboilic abnoirmality amoing patieints with typei 2 diabeiteis meillitus (T2DM) and cointributeis toi increiaseid cardioivascular risk. Lipid-loiweiring theirapy, particularly statins, plays an impoirtant roilei in thei manageimeint oif dyslipideimia; hoiweiveir, treiatmeint patteirns and approipriateineiss may vary in roiutinei clinical practicei. This study aimeid toi deiscribei thei patteirns oif dyslipideimia treiatmeint and eivaluatei treiatmeint approipriateineiss amoing patieints with T2DM at Dr. Mintoihardjoi Naval Hoispital, Jakarta, Indoineisia. This oibseirvatioinal analytical study useid a reitroispeictivei croiss-seictioinal deisign. Data weirei oibtaineid froim thei meidical reicoirds oif 200 patieints with T2DM. Dyslipideimia treiatmeint was classifieid intoi statin, noin-statin, coimbinatioin oif statin and noin-statin, and noi lipid-loiweiring theirapy. Treiatmeint approipriateineiss was classifieid as approipriatei oir inapproipriatei accoirding toi thei preideifineid criteiria useid in thei study. Data weirei analyzeid using IBM SPSS Statistics veirsioin 27.0 and preiseinteid as freiqueincieis and peirceintageis. Oif 200 patieints with T2DM, 105 (52.5%) reiceiiveid statin theirapy, 14 (7.0%) reiceiiveid noin-statin theirapy, 23 (11.5%) reiceiiveid coimbinatioin theirapy, and 58 (29.0%) reiceiiveid noi lipid-loiweiring theirapy. Oiveirall, 165 patieints (82.5%) had treiatmeint classifieid as approipriatei, wheireias 35 (17.5%) had treiatmeint classifieid as inapproipriatei. Statins weirei thei moist freiqueintly useid lipid-loiweiring theirapy amoing patieints with T2DM. Moist patieints reiceiiveid treiatmeint classifieid as approipriatei; hoiweiveir, neiarly oinei-third reiceiiveid noi lipid-loiweiring theirapy and 17.5% had treiatmeint classifieid as inapproipriatei. Peirioidic eivaluatioin oif lipid-loiweiring theirapy is theireifoirei impoirtant toi suppoirt oiptimal dyslipideimia manageimeint in patieints with T2DM.
Downloads
References
[1] Hyassat D, Al-Saeiksaeik S, Naji D, Mahasneh A, Khader Y, Abujbara M, et al. Dyslipidemia among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan: prevalence, pattern, and associated factors. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1002466. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1002466.
[2] Hyassat D, Al-Saeiksaeik S, Naji D, Mahasneh A, Khader Y, Abujbara M, et al. Dyslipidemia among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan: prevalence, pattern, and associated factors. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1002466. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1002466.
[3] Abdissa D, Hirpa D. Dyslipidemia and its associated factors among adult diabetes outpatients in West Shewa zone public hospitals, Ethiopia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2022;22:39. doi:10.1186/s12872-022-02489-w.
[4] Ahmmed MS, Shuvo SD, Paul DK, Karim MR, Kamruzzaman M, Mahmud N, et al. Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Kushtia, Bangladesh. PLoS Glob Public Health. 2021;1(12):e0000003. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0000003.
[5] Kamrul-Hasan ABM, et al. Prevalence and patterns of dyslipidemia among lipid-lowering drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus—a countrywide study in Bangladesh. Endocr Metab Sci. 2023;13:100152. doi:10.1016/j.endmts.2023.100152.
[6] Bayram F, Sonmez A, Haymana C, Sabuncu T, Dizdar OS, Gurkan E, et al. Utilization of statins and LDL-cholesterol target attainment in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes—a nationwide cross-sectional study (TEMD dyslipidemia study). Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19:237. doi:10.1186/s12944-020-01408-2.
[7] Butalia S, Chen G, Duan Q, Anderson TJ. Care gaps in achieving cholesterol targets in people with diabetes: a population-based study in a universal health care setting. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022;184:109177. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109177.
[8] Beernink JM, Oosterwijk MM, van Boven JFM, Heerspink HJL, Bakker SJL, Navis G, et al. Adherence to statin therapy and attainment of LDL cholesterol targets in an outpatient population of type 2 diabetes patients: analysis in the DIAbeTEs and LifEstyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT). Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:888110. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.888110.
[9] DeCicco E, Peterson ED, Gupta A, Gillard KK, Sarnes E, Navar AM. Lipid-lowering therapy and LDL-C control for primary prevention in persons with diabetes across 90 health systems in the United States. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2023;16:100604. doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2023.100604.
[10] Morieri ML, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. Cholesterol lowering therapies and achievement of targets for primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention in type 2 diabetes: unmet needs in a large population of outpatients at specialist clinics. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19:190. doi:10.1186/s12933-020-01164-8.
[11] Morieri ML, Perrone V, Veronesi C, Degli Esposti L, Andretta M, Plebani M, et al. Improving statin treatment strategies to reduce LDL-cholesterol: factors associated with targets’ attainment in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20:144. doi:10.1186/s12933-021-01338-y.
[12] Paquet S, Sassenou J, Ringa V, Czernichow S, Zins M, Ozguler A, et al. Women with type 2 diabetes have LDL cholesterol levels higher than those of men, regardless of their treatment and their cardiovascular risk level. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023;33(6):1254–1262. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.015.
[13] Li J, Nie Z, Ge Z, Shi L, Gao B, Yang Y. Prevalence of dyslipidemia, treatment rate and its control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest China: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 2022;21:77. doi:10.1186/s12944-022-01691-1.
[14] Wu TH, Lee IT, Ho LT, Sheu WHH, Hwu CM. Combined lipid goal attainment in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: a head-to-head comparative trial of statins. J Chin Med Assoc. 2022;85(8):831–838. doi:10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000765.
[15] Sun L, Wang Z, Wang B, Jia Y, Zhao Q, Zhao J, et al. Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowering effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025;12:1493613. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2025.1493613.
[16] De Zoysa PDWD, Weerarathna TP, Darshana ILAN, Wasana KGP, Piyasekara B, Jayasekara MMPT, et al. Statin use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target achievement for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Sri Lanka. PLoS One. 2025;20(2):e0319030. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0319030.
[17] Padilla-Padilla FG, Ruiz-Bernes LN, Román-Pintos LM, Peraza-Zaldívar JA, Sander-Padilla JG, Lugo-Sánchez LA, et al. Efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination of atorvastatin/fenofibrate versus atorvastatin on the lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. Cardiol Ther. 2025;14:297–314. doi:10.1007/s40119-025-00410-y.
[18] Rossi A, Masi D, Zilich R, Baccetti F, Baronti W, Falcetta P, et al. Lipid-lowering therapy and LDL target attainment in type 2 diabetes: trends from the Italian Associations of Medical Diabetologists database. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025;24:94. doi:10.1186/s12933-025-02648-1.
[19] Afşar Satış N, Gogas Yavuz D. Achieving lipid goals in type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia: barriers to treatment—the patient perspective. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2024;44:289–296. doi:10.1007/s13410-023-01238-9.
[20] Wu JY, Lin YM, Hsu WH, Liu T, Tsai YW, Huang PY, et al. Effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors versus statins in type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: a propensity-matched study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025;16:1709009. doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1709009.
[21] Muharram FR, Swannjo JB, Tahapary DL, Nasution SA, Oceandy D. Diabetes care performance in Indonesia: a serial cross-sectional analysis of behavioral, clinical, and laboratory outcomes from 2013 to 2023. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2025;65:101759. doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2025.101759.
[22] Kusumaningrum YD, Firandi A, Hasmono D, Aryani DE, Wardhani FA. Evaluation of Pioglitazone Vildagliptin Combination on Lipid Profiles for Outpatients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM). 2025;7(2):398–406. doi:10.35451/jfm.v7i2.2645.
[23] Saragi S, Fitriana R. Drug Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Patients at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh. Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM). 2026;8(2):498–508. doi:10.35451/34ygtz72.
[24] Rahayu YS, Anggraeni R, Tanjung N. Evaluation of Antidiabetic Usage in Type II DM Patients at Public Health Centre of Sei Kepayang Barat Asahan District. Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM). 2022;5(1):87–91. doi:10.35451/jfm.v5i1.1321.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Atisi, Diana Laila Ramatillah, Kashif Ullah Khan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright in each article is the property of the Author.
