Rationality of Anti-Inflammatory Therapy and Determinants of Adverse Drug Reactions in Osteoarthritis Patients: A Clinical Pharmacy Study in Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v9i1.3891Keywords:
Osteoarthritis, Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Drug Rationality, Drug Interactions, Naranjo AlgorithmAbstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease commonly affecting the elderly population and is generally managed with anti-inflammatory therapy. Irrational use of anti-inflammatory drugs and polypharmacy in patients with comorbidities increase the risk of drug interactions and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study aimed to evaluate patient characteristics, patterns of anti-inflammatory drug use, drug use rationality, potential drug interactions, and the causality profile of ADRs in outpatients with osteoarthritis. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design, conducted prospectively on 73 outpatients with osteoarthritis during the period of January–April 2026. Data were analyzed univariately and presented as frequency distributions. The results showed that the majority of patients were female (62%), within the pre-elderly and elderly age range, with knee osteoarthritis as the most common type (57%). Non-selective NSAIDs were the most widely used class of anti-inflammatory drugs (91%). A total of 78% of drug use was classified as rational, and 15 drug combinations with potential for harmful interactions were identified, predominantly moderate-category pharmacodynamic interactions between NSAIDs and antihypertensive drugs. Based on the Naranjo Algorithm, 60% of patients had a "probable" causality category for ADRs, with gastrointestinal disturbances as the most common manifestation. This study concludes that although the majority of anti-inflammatory therapy was rational, the potential for drug interactions and ADRs still requires close monitoring by clinical pharmacists to ensure the safety of osteoarthritis patient therapy.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Putri Nazari, Salmah Handayani Lubis, Muharni Saputri, Yettrie Bess Congencya Simarmata
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