The Relationship Between Knowledge Level and Dietary Compliance with Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35451/y3d6w758Keywords:
Knowledge; Diatary Compliance; Type II Diabetes Mellitus; Blood Glucose Levels.Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, with type II diabetes mellitus contributing the majority of cases due to unhealthy dietary patterns, low levels of knowledge, and poor adherence in disease management. Proper dietary management is essential to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and dietary adherence with blood glucose levels among patients with type II diabetes mellitus in the inpatient ward of RSUD Tarutung. This study used a quantitative method with an analytic approach and a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 54 patients, and total sampling was applied. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results show that there is a significant relationship between knowledge level and blood glucose levels (p=0.000; r=-0.598) as well as between dietary adherence and blood glucose levels (p=0.001; r=-0.434). Both variables show moderate negative correlations, indicating that better knowledge and higher dietary adherence are associated with better-controlled blood glucose levels. In conclusion, knowledge and dietary adherence play an important role in controlling blood glucose levels among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. It is recommended that health professionals enhance patient education and that future researchers examine other factors influencing blood glucose levels using more diverse research designs.
Downloads
References
[1] World Health Organization, Global Report on Diabetes. Geneva: WHO Press, 2017.
[2] International Diabetes Federation, IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th ed. Brussels, Belgium: IDF, 2021.
[3] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Laporan Nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 2018.
[4] RSUD Tarutung, Data Rekam Medik Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tahun 2024.
[5] Suharyati, S., et al., “Manajemen Diet pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus,” Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 85–92, 2019.
[6] Bistara, D., and N. Ainiah, “Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus,” Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2018.
[7] Pamungkas, R. A., et al., “Konsep Kepatuhan dalam Perilaku Kesehatan,” Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 10–16, 2020.
[8] Dedi, S., et al., “Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Diabetes Melitus dalam Pengelolaan Penyakit,” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 120–126, 2020.
[9] Nursihhah, M., and A. Wijaya, “Kepatuhan Diet pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II,” Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 150–156, 2021.
[10] World Health Organization, Diabetes, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
[11] S. Kautzky-Willer et al., “Sex and gender differences in diabetes mellitus,” Endocrine Reviews, 2022.
[12] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2022.
[13] A. A. Alzahrani et al., “Knowledge, attitude, and practice of diabetes management,” Healthcare, vol. 9, no. 5, 2021.
[14] M. C. B. Toledo et al., “Health behavior theory and diabetes management,” BMC Public Health, vol. 21, 2021.
[15] American Diabetes Association, “Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024,” Diabetes Care, vol. 47, Suppl. 1, 2024.
[16] M. A. Islam et al., “Association between diabetes knowledge and glycemic control,” Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, vol. 178, 2021.
[17] American Diabetes Association, “Nutrition therapy for adults with diabetes,” Diabetes Care, 2023.
[18] A. Alrahbi, “Factors affecting adherence in diabetes patients,” Patient Preference and Adherence, vol. 15, 2021.
[19] American Diabetes Association, “Glycemic targets,” Diabetes Care, 2024.
[20] C. Chrvala et al., “Diabetes self-management education interventions,” Patient Education and Counseling, 2021.
[21] F. M. Powers et al., “Diabetes self-management education and support,” Diabetes Care, 2020.
[22] S. A. M. Almutairi et al., “Dietary adherence and glycemic control,” Nutrients, vol. 13, 2021.
[23] D. J. Jenkins et al., “Glycemic index and diabetes,” Nutrients, 2020.
[24] F. B. Hu, “Dietary patterns and diabetes risk,” New England Journal of Medicine, 2022.
[25] E. Zebua, R. R. D. Simarmata, S. Angraini, and D. Novita, “Relationship of stress factors and nutritional status with random blood glucose levels in pre-elderly type II diabetes patients at Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam,” Jurnal Kesehatan Gizi (JKG), vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 524–530, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.35451/eeh3hj34.R. S. Surwit et al., “Stress and diabetes,” Diabetes Care, 2020.
[26] R. Panjaitan, R. Irwanto, A. Boffil Cholilullah, and S. Angraini, “Hubungan Pola Makan Terhadap Status Gizi Pasien Rawat Jalan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Wilayah Kerja Rumah Sakit Grandmed Lubuk Pakam,” J.Kesmas Dan Gizi, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 168–171, 2021, doi: 10.35451/jkg.v3i2.660.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Edarni Zebua, Melva Hartati Jesika Hutasoit, Salmi Angraini, Dian Novita, Siti Aisyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright in each article is the property of the Author.
