Efektivitas Pengetahuan dan Perilaku CERDIK terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Penderita Hipertensi di Puskesmas Deli Tua Tahun 2025

Abstract

Hypertension among the elderly is a significant health issue at the Deli Tua Community Health Center (Puskesmas), Deli Serdang Regency, characterized by low levels of knowledge and healthy lifestyle behaviors. A program comprising routine health check-ups, avoidance of cigarette smoke exposure, regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adequate rest, and stress management aimed to promote a healthy lifestyle to prevent non-communicable diseases. Objective: To evaluate the program's effectiveness in improving the knowledge and behaviors of elderly patients with hypertension and its impact on lowering blood pressure. Methods: A pre-experimental study using a one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted on 45 elderly hypertensive patients (aged ≥60 years) at the Posbindu (Integrated Service Post for Non-Communicable Diseases) of Deli Tua Community Health Center, selected via purposive sampling. The intervention—covering routine health checks, avoidance of cigarette smoke, physical activity, a balanced diet, rest, and stress management—was implemented over two weeks. Data on knowledge, behavior, and blood pressure were collected through questionnaires and measurements, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods (chi-square test). Results: The proportion of participants with good knowledge increased from 40% to 55.6%, and those with good behavior increased from 31.1% to 55.6% following the intervention. Mean systolic blood pressure decreased significantly from 150.89 mmHg to 133.78 mmHg (p = 0.000; p < 0.05). Significant associations were found between knowledge (p = 0.035; p < 0.05) and behavior (p = 0.027; p < 0.05) regarding the reduction in blood pressure. Conclusion: The program was effective in improving the knowledge and healthy behaviors of elderly hypertensive patients and contributed to lowering blood pressure. The intervention successfully shifted blood pressure levels to a lower range.