Mollecular Rapid Test Examination in Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at UPTD Puskesmas Siabu

Authors

  • Nisa El Hasanah Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam
  • Benny Sihombing Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam
  • Fitri Mulyani Siregar Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35451/hw6wy170

Keywords:

Tuberculosis , Rapid Mollecular Test

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causing damage to many body organs, such as the lungs, bones, brain membranes, stomach membranes, intestines, and even the urinary tract. This study aims to achieve early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis cases with rapid and accurate diagnosis at the UPTD Siabu Health Center. To obtain the number of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients examined using the Rapid Molecular Test at the UPTD Siabu Health Center Laboratory, from April to May 2025. This type of research is a descriptive analytical study. The results of the study showed that 16.1% (30 out of 187) of patients were confirmed positive for Rifampicin-Sensitive TB through the RMT. The distribution of positive cases was higher in males (16.7%) compared to females (15.2%). The age group ≥40 years had the highest number of TB cases (76.7% of total positives). Respondents with smoking habits showed a higher proportion of TB cases (63.3%) compared to non-smokers. Work as a farmer dominates positive cases (63.3%). In conclusion, these findings support the expansion of TCM implementation in primary healthcare facilities and emphasize the importance of gender-based and socio-environmental approaches in TB control strategies.

References

[1] Afiah, Husnul Nur, dan M. (2023). Bersihan Jalan Napas Pada An.K Dengan Diagnosa Medis Tuberculosis Paru Di Ruang Aster Rsud Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian 4(6): 1007– 14.

[2] Astuti, Y., Wahyuningsih, S., & Pradana, A. W. (2022). Analisis Faktor Risiko Lingkungan terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Perdesaan. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 17(2), 114–120.

[3] Ayu, Cendani Kusuma, H. E., & Wardani, Lucky Radita Alma, R. W. G. (2023). Analisis Faktor Risiko Tuberkulosis Berdasarkan Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Malang Tahun 2020-2021. Port Science and Health 5(4): 447–63.

[4] Baluku, J. B., Nassozi, S., Semeere, A., Ssengooba, W., Nabatanzi, R., & Andia-Biraro, I. (2021). Gender differences in clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Uganda: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21, Article 43.

[5] BMC Microbiology. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis. BMC Microbiology, 21(1), 79.

[6] BMC Public Health. (2022). Gender-related barriers to TB diagnosis and treatment in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 22, 1211.

[7] CDC. (2020). Transmission and Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis. Nature Genetics 45(10):1183-89. Doi: 10.1038 / Ng.2747.

[8] GBD 2019 Tuberculosis Collaborators. (2021). The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21(12), 1683–1724.

[9] Halwatiah, Y. S. (2024). Pemeriksaan TCM ( Tes Cepat Molekuler ) Pada Kontak Erat. XIX(2).

[10] Horne, D. J., Arentz, M., Locke, E., & Anderson, J. R. (2020). Smoking and tuberculosis treatment outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest, 158(1), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.014

[11] Horton, K. C., MacPherson, P., Houben, R. M. G. J., White, R. G., & Corbett, E. L. (2020). Sex differences in tuberculosis burden and notifications in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 8(5), e633–e643. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30052-2

[12] Imarmata, Oster Suriani, L., & Bisara, D. (2020). Evaluasi Keunggulan Tes Cepat Molekuler dengan Xpert MTB / RIF Dibanding dengan Uji Mikroskopis dalam Mendiagnosis Tuberkulosis di Indonesia Tahun 2018. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan 48(2): 109–16.

[13] Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2021. kerangka teori terduga TB pemeriksaan sputum dengan tes cepat molekuler (TCM).

[14] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2022. Pedoman Nasional Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis. Jakarta: Gerdunas TB.

[15] Lee, C. H., Chiang, C. Y., Lin, H. C., & Lin, T. C. (2021). Aging and tuberculosis: The impact of immunosenescence on TB infection and disease progression. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 104, 378–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.066

[16] Marais, B. J., Brittle, W., Mendelson, M., & Dheda, K. (2023). Evaluation of the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a high TB burden setting. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 61(2), e01944-22. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01944-22

[17] Nasution, R. H., Siregar, A. Y. M., Hasibuan, A., & Lubis, R. (2022). Social determinants and risk factors for tuberculosis among informal workers in rural Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 22, 541. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12997-3

[18] Nuruzzamania, Freshayda. 2022. "Tingkat Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat TB Paru Pada Penderita Penyakit TB Paru di Puskesmas Bareng Jombang." Skripsi. Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.

[19] Organization; 2021. (WHO sangat2 merekomendasikan penggunaan GeneXpert MTB/RIF sebagai tes diagnostik awal untuk TB dan resistensi RIF).

[20] RI, K. K. (2022). Petunjuk Teknik Pemeriksaan Mikroskopis. Jakarta : Kemenkes RI.

[21] Ryan KJ, Ray CG, Sherris Medical Microbiology, 4th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange; 2004. (Buku teks mikrobiologi medis ini adalah sumber klasik yang mencakup definisi dan karakteristik M. tuberculosis).

[22] Smith, E., Trauer, J. M., Kyaw, N. T. T., et al. (2021). The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21(12), 1683–1724.

[23] Suharmanto, H. (2023). Hubungan Merokok Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Way Halim Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Publik, 11(2), 80–86.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-30