AI Usage Policy

POLICY ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN JOURNAL PUBLICATION

1. Introduction

Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF) recognizes the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, including Generative Artificial Intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs), chatbots, AI image generators, and other AI-assisted tools that may support research, writing, editing, reviewing, and scholarly publishing activities.

The use of AI in scholarly publication must be carried out in a responsible, transparent, ethical, and accountable manner. AI should be regarded as an assistive tool and must not replace the intellectual responsibility, professional judgment, or accountability of authors, reviewers, editors, or other parties involved in the publication process.

This policy applies to all Authors and Reviewers participating in the publication process of Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF).

A. AI POLICY FOR AUTHORS

2. General Principles

Authors may use AI technologies as supporting tools during manuscript preparation, provided that such use does not replace the authors' intellectual contribution, critical analysis, scientific interpretation, or responsibility for the manuscript.

Authors remain fully responsible for all content submitted to the journal, including any content created, revised, or assisted by AI technologies.

3. Permitted Uses of AI

Authors may use AI tools in a limited and responsible manner to assist with:

  1. improving grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and readability;

  2. language translation;

  3. language editing or polishing;

  4. suggesting manuscript structure or organization;

  5. summarizing information that has already been collected and independently verified by the authors;

  6. assisting with programming, data processing, or certain analytical procedures, provided that the use of AI is transparently described when it affects the research methodology or results;

  7. generating preliminary ideas or alternative ways of presenting information that are subsequently reviewed, verified, and developed by the authors.

Authors must carefully review and verify all AI-generated outputs before incorporating them into the manuscript.

4. Prohibited Uses of AI

Authors must not use AI to:

  1. generate or fabricate research data;

  2. alter research data in order to produce a desired conclusion;

  3. create research findings from studies or experiments that were never conducted;

  4. generate references or citations that cannot be verified;

  5. create, manipulate, or modify scientific images in a misleading manner;

  6. generate scientific statements, theories, facts, or findings without verifying them against reliable sources;

  7. paraphrase existing material solely to evade plagiarism detection;

  8. conceal plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, or other forms of research misconduct;

  9. generate substantial portions or the entirety of a manuscript without adequate intellectual involvement from the authors;

  10. list an AI system, chatbot, or other AI technology as an Author or Co-Author.

AI systems cannot qualify as authors because they cannot assume responsibility, accountability, authorship approval, conflicts of interest disclosure, or other obligations associated with scholarly authorship.

5. Author Responsibility

Authors are responsible for ensuring that:

  • all information presented in the manuscript is accurate;

  • all references are genuine, accessible, and verifiable;

  • no fabricated or AI-generated citations are included;

  • the manuscript is free from plagiarism;

  • no fabrication or falsification of data has occurred;

  • data analysis and interpretation are scientifically valid;

  • the use of AI does not violate copyright or intellectual property rights;

  • confidential, personal, or sensitive information is not uploaded to AI services without appropriate safeguards;

  • the manuscript complies with all applicable publication ethics standards.

Any errors produced by AI, including hallucinations, fabricated references, inaccurate information, bias, or misinterpretation, remain the full responsibility of the authors.

6. Disclosure of AI Use

The use of Generative AI or AI technologies that generate or substantially modify content must be transparently disclosed by the authors.

The disclosure should include, at minimum:

  • the name of the AI application or technology;

  • the version or model, where known;

  • the purpose for which the AI was used;

  • the section or component of the manuscript in which AI assistance was used; and

  • the verification or review conducted by the authors.

The disclosure may be included in the Acknowledgements, Methods, or a dedicated Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies section, depending on the nature of the AI use.

Example:

Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies

During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used [Name of AI Tool] for [purpose, e.g., language editing and improving readability]. All AI-generated outputs were reviewed, verified, and edited by the authors. The authors take full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and content of the manuscript.

When AI is used as part of the research methodology, data processing, statistical analysis, algorithm development, or other scientific procedures, its use must be adequately described in the Methods section to ensure transparency and, where applicable, reproducibility.

Conventional tools used solely for basic spelling correction, grammar checking, reference management, or other routine automated functions that do not generate substantive content generally do not require disclosure unless otherwise determined by the Editor.

B. AI POLICY FOR REVIEWERS

7. Manuscript Confidentiality

Manuscripts received by Reviewers are confidential documents and may only be used for the purpose of peer review.

Reviewers must not upload the entire manuscript or any part of it, including tables, figures, research data, supplementary files, or unpublished information, to public Generative AI services such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot, or other AI platforms when confidentiality, data protection, and information retention cannot be adequately guaranteed.

This restriction is intended to protect:

  • manuscript confidentiality;

  • authors' intellectual property rights;

  • research data;

  • unpublished information; and

  • the integrity of the peer-review process.

8. Use of AI in the Review Process

Reviewers must not delegate scientific evaluation or professional judgment to AI systems.

Assessment of:

  • research quality and originality;

  • methodology;

  • validity of data;

  • interpretation of findings;

  • appropriateness of references;

  • novelty and scientific contribution;

  • consistency of conclusions; and

  • recommendations regarding acceptance, revision, or rejection

must be based on the Reviewer's own professional expertise and scientific judgment.

AI must not serve as a substitute for a human Reviewer.

9. Limited Permitted Use of AI by Reviewers

AI tools may be used in a limited manner for supporting functions such as:

  • improving the grammar of reviewer comments;

  • improving sentence clarity;

  • translating reviewer comments;

  • improving the readability of the review report;

provided that such use does not require confidential manuscript content to be entered into an AI system that cannot guarantee confidentiality and data protection.

If AI has been used substantially in preparing a review report, the Reviewer should disclose this use to the Editor.

Example declaration:

“AI-assisted technology was used only for language improvement of the review comments. No confidential manuscript content, data, tables, figures, or unpublished information was uploaded to the AI system. The scientific evaluation and final recommendation were made entirely by the Reviewer.”

10. Reviewer Responsibility

Reviewers remain fully responsible for all comments, evaluations, recommendations, and judgments submitted to the Editor.

Reviewers must independently verify any AI-generated output because AI technologies may produce information that is:

  • inaccurate;

  • incomplete;

  • biased;

  • unsupported by reliable evidence; or

  • associated with invalid or fabricated references.

Reviewers must not use information, ideas, methods, data, or findings obtained from manuscripts under review for personal advantage, research purposes, or other activities before such information has been formally published.

C. TRANSPARENCY AND PUBLICATION INTEGRITY

11. Principles of Transparency

Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF) applies three fundamental principles regarding the use of AI in scholarly publication:

Transparency
Any substantive use of AI in manuscript preparation or peer review should be appropriately disclosed.

Accountability
Human authors, reviewers, and editors remain responsible for all scientific content, interpretations, analyses, and editorial decisions.

Confidentiality
Unpublished materials must not be entered into AI systems that cannot provide adequate guarantees of confidentiality, security, and data protection.

D. VIOLATIONS OF THIS POLICY

12. Violations by Authors

Undisclosed or inappropriate use of AI involving fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, fabricated references, misleading image manipulation, or other forms of research misconduct may be considered a violation of publication ethics.

If a violation is identified, the Editor may take one or more of the following actions:

  1. request clarification from the Author;

  2. request revision of the manuscript;

  3. reject the manuscript;

  4. terminate the publication process;

  5. issue a correction to a published article;

  6. retract the article if serious misconduct is identified after publication; and/or

  7. take other appropriate actions in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policies.

13. Violations by Reviewers

A Reviewer who uses AI in a manner that compromises manuscript confidentiality or delegates scientific evaluation entirely to AI may:

  1. be removed from the current peer-review process;

  2. be temporarily suspended from reviewing activities;

  3. be removed from the journal's reviewer database; and/or

  4. be subject to other actions determined appropriate by the Editorial Board.

E. FINAL PROVISIONS

This policy is not intended to prohibit the development or responsible use of Artificial Intelligence in scholarly activities. Rather, it is intended to ensure that AI technologies are used in an ethical, transparent, secure, and accountable manner.

Because AI technologies continue to develop rapidly, Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF) reserves the right to periodically review and update this policy in accordance with technological developments and evolving national and international standards for research and publication ethics.

All Authors and Reviewers are considered to have read, understood, and agreed to this policy when submitting a manuscript or accepting an invitation to review for [Journal Name].

Policy References

This policy has been developed with consideration of internationally recognized principles and recommendations concerning the responsible use of AI in scholarly publishing, including:

  • International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) – Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals, particularly guidance concerning the use of Artificial Intelligence in publishing.

  • World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) – recommendations concerning chatbots, Generative AI, and scholarly manuscripts.

  • General principles of research integrity, authorship accountability, transparency, confidentiality, intellectual property protection, and peer-review ethics.

Effective Date: August 22, 2026
Approved by: Editorial Board of Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF)