Descrription of the Family Perceptions of Hypertension in Subdistrict IV, Kelurahan Mangga, 2026

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading non-communicable diseases and a major cause of mortality worldwide. It is widely recognized as the silent killer because it often remains asymptomatic until serious complications occur in target organs, including the heart, brain, and kidneys. In Indonesia, hypertension continues to be a major public health concern with a high prevalence, including in North Sumatra Province. Family perceptions of hypertension play a crucial role in shaping attitudes, decision-making, and caregiving behaviors related to treatment adherence, lifestyle modification, and the prevention of complications. However, family perceptions of hypertension vary considerably and are influenced by knowledge, personal experience, and sociocultural factors. Objective: This study aimed to describe family perceptions of hypertension among families residing in Neighborhood IV, Mangga Village, in 2026. Methods: This study employed a descriptive research design using semi-structured interview guides. The study sample consisted of five family members living in the same household as a relative who had been diagnosed with hypertension for more than one year. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Results: The findings revealed that families demonstrated a relatively good understanding of hypertension as a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure. Participants were able to identify common risk factors, including unhealthy dietary habits and stress, recognize the signs and symptoms of hypertension, understand the importance of adhering to a low-salt and low-fat diet, and acknowledge the necessity of regular antihypertensive treatment and routine blood pressure monitoring. Conclusion: Families demonstrated relatively good perceptions of hypertension. These findings suggest that family perceptions constitute an essential component in supporting effective hypertension management and preventing complications. Therefore, continuous health education is necessary to strengthen family understanding and optimize family involvement in hypertension care.