The Relationship Between Dietary Intake (Calcium and Vitamin D) and Physical Activity with Bone Density in the Elderly at Granmed Hospital, Lubuk Pakam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35451/jkg.v9i1.3953Keywords:
Pola Makan; Aktivitas Fisik; Obesitas; Remaja; Status GiziAbstract
Decreased bone density in older adults may increase the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, affecting health and quality of life. Calcium intake, vitamin D intake, and physical activity are factors that contribute to bone health. This study aimed to determine the relationships between calcium intake, vitamin D intake, physical activity, and bone density among older adults at Granmed Hospital, Lubuk Pakam. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 81 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and measurements, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-square test. The results showed that 34 respondents (42.0%) had osteopenia, 28 (34.6%) had osteoporosis, and 19 (23.5%) had normal bone density. Most respondents had inadequate calcium intake (76.5%), inadequate vitamin D intake (86.4%), and moderate physical activity (64.2%). The Chi-square test demonstrated significant relationships between calcium intake, vitamin D intake, physical activity, and bone density, with p-values of less than 0.001 for all three variables. In conclusion, calcium intake, vitamin D intake, and physical activity are significantly associated with bone density among older adults. Adequate nutrient intake and appropriate physical activity should be considered to support bone health in older adults.
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